Seeds follow in spring to early summer and are 4-6 mm long and flat. I like but this time I can not buy do not understand because it is not available the product for purchase Rhodes Grass seed. It can help with weed control because it can outcompete and smother weeds. Agric., 39 (3): 307-316, Holm, J., 1971. Queensland J. Agric. Seasonal waterlogging over 30 cm kills the plant (FAO, 2014). In order to maximize intake, it can be useful to allow a high level of selection of forage by cows, by offering 10 to 20% excess feed depending on the maturity and cut (Mbwile et al., 1997b). This is a perennial grass which can reach one half to nearly three meters in height and spreads via stolons. It can carry about 1 4 beasts/ha depending on pasture productivity and size of animal. Crow's Foot Grass is generally an annual (lives and dies within a year) and sometimes a short-lived perennial (lives longer than a year). Leaves are long, thin, and green with slightly hairy edges (margins). Selected Seeds is known for innovation in seed breeding and production. However, after the second cut, the effect of the stage of maturity on intake andin vivodigestibility was less important as these parameters remained high even with mature forage (Mbwile et al., 1997b). Dealing with a feathertop Rhodes grass problem? - WeedSmart [8]:1128 It is important to note however that both tetraploid and diploid varieties at the pre-flowering stage of growth have "adequate concentrations of nutrients". Plant at a depth between 1/8 to 1/4 in. SA-CC-3, Manoa, Hawaii, Walker, C. A., 1975. Under the right conditions fire is also effective to kill the plants and seed on the surface. Grassland Index. Just be careful not to spray nearby lawns or plants as it may injure or kill them. Grass weeds grow easily in Australia's climate and spread quickly making them difficult to control. In a follow-up study, with Holstein-Friesian dairy cows grazing irrigated Rhodes grass pastures (6-week grazing rotation), supplemented with 5 kg of cereal-based concentrate, increasing the stocking rate from 3.5 to 6.1 cows/ha had no effect on milk production. management is imperative. Any amount is the welcome. It's tough and invasive nature can be attributed to its creeping underground stems or rhizomes, which aggressively creep into surrounding areas. Seed persistence (%) of feathertop Rhodes grass and windmill grass (Chauhan and Manalil, unpublished data) Crop competition effect on weed growth and seed production When to Plant: Recommended planting time is spring and summer when night time temperatures are consistently 65+ degrees. It is now an emerging weed across the southern and western grains regions of Australia. Compare. Agronomo agronomist, Andrew Storrie says prolific seed production and its ability to withstand herbicides makes this weed difficult, but not impossible, to control. Scotts Lawn Builder 750g Superstrike Easycare Lawn Seed. It typically grows 1.5 m tall and wide, although some can grow to 3 m tall. We are agronomists specialists in crops, Use a rake to clear it out and flatten the surface as much as possible. SS-AGR-59/AA197: 'Callide' Rhodesgrass - University of Florida Found in open woodland and grassland, riverine and lake margins, and seasonally waterlogged plains . Sci., Plants poisonous to livestock. Potential of the indigenous desert grasses of the Arabian Peninsula for forage production in a water-scarce region. In: Pturages et alimentation des ruminants en zone tropicale humide, 65-76. The effect of feeding level on intake and digestibility of Rhodes grass (. Hawaii, CTAHR Ext. The stand begins to produce valuable forage within 6 months, though the highest yield is obtained during the second year of cultivation (FAO, 2014;Cook et al., 2005). Both Annual and Perennial Ryegrass species are upright clumping grasses made up of dark green glossy leaves that are tinged purple at the base. Grassl., 42: 112-119, Jones, R. J., 1981. Widely adapted, depending on variety. Anim. However, cows stocked at stocking rates higher than 3.5 cows/ha could not maintain live-weight during the 18-week experiment, and it was recommended to increase the level of supplementation for high stocking rates (Ehrlich et al., 2003b). Ask One of OurExperts Today! [5]:2 This too is good for farmers when it comes to covering bare soil. After you've measured the area you want to sow and chosen the lawn seed that best suits your needs, the first job is to prepare the soil. In fact, it can be tricky to even locate buffalo grass seeds, let alone undertaking the growing procedure. Scotts Lawn Builder 2.5kg Grub And Insect Control Slow Release Fertiliser. It spreads readily by seed and runners. Soc. Anim. Ask your questions about controloptions for feathertop Rhodes grass onFacebook,Twitteror leave a comment below. Extremely drought tolerant once established Effect of supplementing Rhodes grass hay (, Parvin, S. ; Wang, C. ; Li, Y. ; Nishino, N., 2010. Rhodes Grass can produce forage for livestock and wildlife, and provide nesting cover for game birds. However, its nutritive value strongly decreases with maturity, especially after the first cut. It is best in soils with pH between about 5.5 and 7.5, but will grow down to pH 4.5 (if available aluminium and manganese levels are low) and up to 10. 1 4 kg/ha bare seed. Plants can spread into neighbouring areas via their creeping stems or stolons. Growth performance and carcass characteristics of Tanzanian goats fed, Mupangwa, J. F. ; Ngongoni, N. T. ; Topps, J. H. ; Hamudikuwanda, H., 2000. Dairy cows grazing irrigated Rhodes grass pasture (2 to 6 weeks regrowth, after the 2ndor 3rdcut) mulched at least once a year produced more than 14.3 kg/d of milk when supplemented with 5 kg of cereal-based concentrate per cow at a stocking rate up to 3.7 cows/ha (Ehrlich et al., 2003a). Blair Rains, A., 1963. We need your help to keep providing reference-based feeding recommendations for your animals. Height:2 - 5 feet Tetraploids are generally more palatable due to increased sugar content. It forms small clumps of bluish-green stems and leaf blades between 5-25 cm long. They are later flowering and less cold tolerant. A post-emergence application of 100 kg/ha of urea (= 46 kg/ha N) in pure stands will stimulate more rapid stand development. Tadesse, Alemu (1990), The Unexploited Potential of Improved Forages in the Mid-Altitude and Lowland Areas of Ethiopia, Institute of Agricultural Research Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Join the Yates Garden Community to receive personalised monthly emails, and hear about exclusive promotions and giveaways. one of the best After-Sales Services in Africa & the Middle East. Evaluation of tropical forages and by-products feeds for rabbit production : 1. If you don't want Ryegrass in your lawn, and spot-spraying is not practical, you will need to consider installing a new lawn. Seed can germinate within seven days, depending on the temperature, and can cover the ground three months after sowing. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. Anim. If you have any questions, fill out the form below, and one of our qualified experts will be in touch as soon as possible! Figure 6. As seeds are produced in spring and summer, the best time to control is autumn and winter, prior to weed seed setting. (0) $42 .89. [12]:3 Managing weeds, soil erosion, and improving the soil are all important issues a farmer must deal with. Effect of wet treatment with sodium hydroxide on chemical composition and dry matter digestibility. Short answer: Physical removal of isolated plants, patch cultivation, burning and optical spray technology. Let us offer you our best Farmer Direct Its very elongated leaves (8-28 cm long and 2-10 mm wide) are mostly hairless. Product Information Application or Use: Pasture, Cattle Forage, Livestock Grazing, Rhodes Grass grows well in sandy soils, and will tolerate soils that are slightly saline. To ensure we give you accurate information about products and stock availability, please set your delivery location. Suggestions will appear below the field as you type, Please sign inor create an accountto use Project Lists, Scotts Lawn Builder 1.3kg Seed & Feed Sun & Shade Lawn Seed, Garden Basics 1kg Tough And Hardy Lawn Seed, Scotts Lawn Builder 1.4kg Seed & Feed Couch Lawn Seed, Scotts Lawn Builder 1.4kg Seed & Feed Kikuyu Lawn Seed, Scotts Lawn Builder 1kg Tough Custom Grass Seed, Garden Basics 1kg Lawn Repair Lawn Seed And Fertiliser, Scotts Lawn Builder 1.4kg Lawn Thickener Lawn Seed, Garden Basics 3kg Tough And Hardy Lawn Seed, Munns Professional 2.5kg Kikuyu Lawn Seed Blend, Munns Professional 500g Pure Kikuyu Lawn Seed, Munns Professional 1.1kg Couch Lawn Seed Blend, Hortico 20kg Tough And Drought Hardy Lawn Seed, Munns Professional 1.1kg Kikuyu Lawn Seed Blend, Munns Professional 1.1kg Sun And Shade Premium Lawn Seed Blend, Munns Professional 2.5kg Couch Lawn Seed Blend, Scotts Lawn Builder 1kg Relaxed Custom Grass Seed, Scotts Lawn Builder 1kg Awesome Custom Grass Seed, Munns 25kg Professional Pooch Couch Lawn Seed Mix, Munns 25kg Professional Pixie Sun N Shade Lawn Seed, Munns Professional 1.1kg Quick Fix All Lawns And Patch Repair Premium Seed Blend, Plan out the products you need for your project, Add your completed Project List directly to your cart. Generally not suitable for silage . The plants have shallow root systems and are easy to remove. Rhodes Grass should not be grazed the first year, but once established can support rotational or continuous grazing. Personal communication. Prostrate cultivars are suitable for grazing and erect cultivars are adapted to hay (FAO, 2014; Quattrocchi, 2006; Cook et al., 2005; Duke, 1983; Ghl, 1982). The digestibility and intake of six varieties of Rhodes grass (, Moore, G., 2006. Rhodes Grass grows well in sandy soils, and will tolerate soils that are slightly saline. Brisbane, Australia, Kennedy, P. M., 1989. Scotts Lawn Builder 1.3kg Seed & Feed Sun & Shade Lawn Seed. Rhodes grass is a perennial or annual tropical grass, leafy, approximately 1-2m in height, and highly variable in habit. Factsheet PP91. 2. Sci., 17 (3): 233-242, Quattrocchi, U., 2006. Prod., 4 (3): 297, Russell, J. S., 1985. Rhodes grass can grow in a variety of soil conditions. In order to optimize the harvested biomass, Rhodes grass hay is generally harvested at an advanced maturity stage. It can grow in many types of habitat. We have been established for over 22 years and our core business over that time has mostly involved working to improve varieties of grasses to better meet the needs of our customers and their livestock. Less work is required to maintain this grass which means that the farmers can focus on other priorities. Nutrition Laboratory, Chiung Mai, Iyeghe-Erakpotobor, G. T. ; Aliyu, R. ; Uguru, J., 2006. It is native to Africa but it can be found throughout the tropical and subtropical world as a naturalized species. In Zimbabwe, with East African goats, supplementation of a low protein Rhodes grass hay (7% DM) with 100 g/d of maize grain and 25% of legumes (Cassia rotundifolia, Lablab purpureus or Macroptilium atropurpureum, 12% DM of protein) increased daily gain, total intake and the supply of microbial nitrogen for absorption in the lower intestinal tract (Mupangwa et al., 2000). What patch management methods do you recommend? [3] Since this grass has good drought tolerance, it could also be beneficial to farmers for ensuring livestock are fed in times of drought. Bulk discounts automatically applied at checkout! Plant: Tufted perennial grass 1 2m tall, spreading by looping runners forming new plants along the runners (stolons). Theyre also well adapted to low rainfall and because of their aggressive root systems, they can outcompete other crops and vegetation for water and nutrients. Guinea Grass reproduces from seed, so it's best to treat early when plants are actively growing and flowering. Factors affecting the utilization of 'poor-quality' forages by ruminants particularly under tropical conditions. J. Japan. Tetraploids are generally more palatable due to increased sugar content. In Australia,Chloris gayanafed at a late stage of maturity was fed to lactating cows of moderate yield, generally with supplementation. Rhodes grass is used in permanent pastures or in short to medium term ley pastures. For the control of Nutgrass on paths, driveways, car parks and areas of bare soil where no plants are to be grown in for at least the next 12 months, apply Yates Pathweeder Concentrate - kills existing weeds and in ideal conditions prevents new weeds germinating for up to 12 months. Chloris gayana roots are able to extract water at a depth of 4.25 meters. This permit states that a fallow application must be applied to small weeds and followed with paraquat within 10 days. Its creeping habit provides good soil stabilisation and, in Australia, it is commonly used for the revegetation of mine-disturbed soils (Harwood et al., 1999). Once established, Rhodes Grass is extremely drought-tolerant, and does not tolerate cold temperatures. Soils Chloris gayana is a species of grass known by the common name Rhodes grass. Rev., 3 (: 277-303, Lucci, C. S. ; Nogueira Filho, J. C. M. ; Borelli, V. ; Rocha, G. L. da, 1982. Rhodes grass - Department of Primary Industries It is commonly established from seed. FTR grass is an annual plant that flowers within three to four weeks of germinating and will keep tillering and producing seed while soil moisture is available, he says. Bull. How to Get Rid of Grass Weeds in Your Lawn & Garden - Yates B. ; Mott, J. J., 1999. The key is to concentrate on preventing seed set, he says. . Pasture establishment for farmers "demand high capital cost and labour. Rabbit Res., 9 (2): 56-66, Ramchurn, R., 1979. Many herbicide-tolerant pulse varieties are very specific in their tolerance to different active ingredients, even from the same mode of action group. Rhodes Grass should not be grazed the first year, but once established can support rotational or continuous grazing. It is native to Kenya and many other sub-Saharan Africa countries. Rhodes grass - Progressive Seeds Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) - Kenya Seed Company Limited Feathertop Rhodes grass seed is relatively short-lived in the soil, so with a dedicated approach it is possible to run down the seed bank reasonably quickly., Often the first obvious sign of feathertop Rhodes grass will be a few large plants with the seed head skeletons pointing toward the sky, he says. It was recommended to allow for 30 to 50% of refusals, depending on maturity, so that the animals could select the most digestible parts. Milk production on fertilized grasslands and grass and legume pastures grazed continuously or rotationally. The supplement increased total feed intake, doubled the growth rate, and improved the feed conversion ratio and the lean+fat:bone ratio (Mtenga et al., 1990). It is a stoloniferous grass spreading by means of stolons or runners. Will regrow quickly after frost in tropical locations. Optical spray technology is the only option for treating plants larger than fist size. Grassl. To avoid overspray, when spraying keep the nozzle as close to the weed as possible. Nutrient digestibility and effect of heat treatment. Rhodes grass is known to be a selenium accumulator, and, when grown on selenium-rich soils, its selenium content can cause mortality or morbidity in livestock (NSWDPI, 2004). Improvement of nutritive value of tropical grasses by physical or chemical treatment. ability to handle repeated cutting or grazing over a number of years. Can You Grow Buffalo Grass from Seed? - JimsMowing.com.au The inflorescences are finely branched, with small ovoid flower spikelets (3mm long) which can be green, purplish or red. They flourish in cool conditions and can grow 50-90 cm in height, although they are often shorter in lawn situations. Another limitation of mature Rhodes grass hay is its low protein content, particularly during the dry season. Seeds contain a small dark brown grain (caryopsis), with 2 million caryopses/kg.. Seedhead: Mostly a single (sometimes double) circle of radiating light, greenish brown (ripening to darker brown) branches 4 15cm long. Feel free to Contact us, How to grow Alfalfa under arid conditions, A full line of Forage & Hay equipment : for effective agriculture in Africa & the Middle East, ICS in Sudan : ICS, leading partner for investors in Sudan & CLAAS exclusive agent in Sudan, Proper soil structure for high-performance agriculture, Reclaimer Rhodes grass, the ICS ultimate variety choice, A complete range of agricultural machinery. The seed germinates quickly (1-7 days) depending on temperature. PDF Multiflower false Rhodes grass (Trichloris pluriflora Fourn - USDA Alternatively, if you prefer a weedkiller that is suitable for use in organic gardens, spray with Yates Nature's Way Organic Weed Killer. Effects of inoculation with lactic acid bacteria on the bacterial communities of Italian ryegrass, whole crop maize, guinea grass and rhodes grass silages. Cuban J. Agric. It is very susceptible to the selective grass herbicide, haloxyfop (Verdict), even when mature. Temperature Promising tropical grasses and legumes as feed resources in Central Tanzania. Anim. In Western Australia, Rhodes grass has become one of the most widely sown subtropical grasses since 2000 (Moore, 2006). Rhodes grass grows on a wide range of soils from poor sandy soils to heavy clayey alkaline and saline soils (more than 10 dS/m). The stems are semi-prostrate, which means they grow close to the ground and can produce roots and stems at the nodes (stoloniferous), making it an incredibly invasive weed. Agric. Few pests or diseases of economic importance. J. Appl. The roots are very deep, down to 4.5 m. The leaves are linear, with flat or folded glabrous blades, 12-50 cm long x 10-20 mm wide, tapering at the apex. However,Chloris gayanawas shown to outcompete summer weeds and has been considered helpful for controlling their development (Moore, 2006). bag. Legumes: Carbon Buster stylo, burgundy bean, butterfly pea, glycine, lotononis, lucerne, medics, serradella, siratro, and white clover. Plant between May and August at a rate of 10 lbs. 1, 69 p. Chaudhry, A. S. ; Cowan, R. T. ; Granzin, B. C. ; Klieve, A. V. ; Lawrence, T. L. J., 2001. Some of the issues surrounding growing buffalo grass from seed include: Lack of seeds available Trop. Tetraploid types of Chloris gayana have a major characteristic in which they flower late in the season which means the feed quality is maintained longer[5]:3 It has also been determined that tetraploid varieties of Chloris gayana have "higher concentrations of nutrients". Scotts Lawn Builder 2.5kg Seed And Turf Starter Slow Release Fertiliser. It makes good hay if cut at or just before early flowering, and provides better standover feed than buffel grass or the panics. Young Rhodes grass of 4 weeks of regrowth or less was found to have a highin vitroOM digestibility of 70-80% (Mbwile et al., 1997a;Mero et al., 1997), which decreased to 50% after 10 weeks of regrowth (Mero et al., 1997). Ann. It is a leafy grass, 1-2 m in height,highly variable in habit. For a glyphosate-free weedkiller that kills roots and all, spray weeds withYates Zero Triple Strike Garden Weedkiller Concentrate. Rhodes grass is a perennial or annual tropical grass. Central Research Station, Mazabuka, N. Rhodesia, Work, S. H., 1937. Grassland Research in Northern Nigeria. Progressive Seeds Pty Ltd The digestibility and nutritive value of three grasses at different stages of growth. soil, water, agricultural machinery and more. pricing! Intensive Grazing Reclaimer Rhodes Grass | agriculture, innovation Rhodes grass is a persistent, drought resistant and highly productive species. The nutritive value peaks before bloom and then quickly declines. Reapply every 10-14 days if regrowth occurs. Application or Use: Pasture, Cattle Forage, Livestock Grazing, Hay Production For a more natural alternative to traditional weed control, spray weeds with Yates Zero Naturals Weed & Moss Killer - with active ingredients clove oil and acetic acid. Compare. *Product packaging may appear different than what is pictured. Given these constraints, it may be prudent to save this herbicide for in-crop grass weed control and look for other ways to control FTR grass in summer fallows. While buffalo grass can technically be grown from seed, it can be a very tricky process. Investigations into the chemical composition and nutritive value of certain forage plants at medium altitudes in the tropics I. Data on DM degradability of feedstuffs. Rhodes grass can be used as permanent pasture or a short- to medium-term pasture ley. Because Rhodes grass seeds are fluffy, they may need to be coated or mixed with a carrier to improve the flow through the seeder (Moore, 2006). Rhodes grass does better on fertile, well-structured soils and it prefers soil pH between 5.5 and 7.5. Why growing Rhodes grass is a wise choice | Monitor Plant morphological characteristics and resistance to simulated trampling. Footnotes. Reapply if there is any regrowth. Leaves: Leaf blades are hairless except at the base near the stem, and usually of the order of 30 - 40cm long and 3 - 5mm wide, tapering to a point. As a general rule, it is best to choose a suitable sowing time for any associated legume. It was introduced into India, Pakistan, Australia and the USA. Awnless Barnyard Grass is a low-growing tufted weed that grows up to 1 m tall. It is also beneficial to farmers who own land with poor soil. Its low oxalate concentration make it a suitable pasture grass for horses while its hay is widespread in . It is also useful for erosion control by virtue of its spreading growth habit. Suggestions will appear below the field as you type, Please sign inor create an accountto use Project Lists, Lawn Grow 1kg All Purpose Coated Lawn Seed, Burnets 1kg Green Supreme Uncoated Lawn Seed, Scotts Lawn Builder 750g Superstrike Easycare Lawn Seed, Scotts Lawn Builder 750g Superstrike Hardwearing Lawn Seed, Scotts Lawn Builder 750g Superstrike Hot And Dry Lawn Seed, Burnets 1kg Wearwell Hardwearing Lawn Seed, Burnets 500g Wearwell Hardwearing Lawn Seed, Burnets 20kg Wearwell Hardwearing Lawn Seed, Burnets 5kg Wearwell Hardwearing Lawn Seed, Burnets 5kg Green Supreme Uncoated Lawn Seed, Burnets 20kg Green Supreme Uncoated Lawn Seed, Burnet's 20kg Boston Green Uncoated Lawn Seed, Plan out the products you need for your project, Add your completed Project List directly to your cart. Stn, 77-80. Managing rhodes grass (, FAO, 2014. To manage weeds in the garden, it's important to treat quickly and regularly. Husb., 25 (2): 380-391, Schlink, A. C. ; Lindsay, J. In Australia, it was introduced by soldiers returning from the Boer wars at the beginning of the 20th century. or more? Cornell Univ., Dept. The flower heads appear during summer and autumn and are clustered on the ends of stems. Longer answer: Pre-harvest desiccation will allow earlier harvest, particularly in crops like canola that allow more light in toward the end of the season. Product Detail in length, which turn green and light brown at maturity. 4690, Perth, Mtenga, L.A. ; Kitaly, A. J., 1990. Time of harvest and the sensitivity of variety to leaf shattering can have an important effect on the chemical composition of hay, and particularly on the crude protein content (Haffar et al., 1997). Chloris gayana can be a good option for a farmer when it comes to trying to solve these problems. For example, "the crop is most productive in the first two or three cuts". [5]:3. Rhodes grass cultivars are one of our key areas of excellence. How can I strengthen the pulse phase to combat weeds? Major pests However, it usually dies out after 4 5 years in the absence of further disturbance or nitrogen fertilisation. New food resources for rabbits in Mauritius. Cows not only prefer to eat leaves rather than stems but have the ability to select leaves over stems in Rhodes grass (Mbwile et al., 1997b; Ehrlich et al., 2003a). Duke, J. In Kenya and Tanzania,in vivo OM digestibility and intake of Rhodes grass by dairy cows or heifers decreased with increasing maturity after the first cut (Abate et al., 1981;Mbwile et al., 1997b). (2) $29 .89. Actively growing plants should be sprayed with a suitable weedkiller, such as Yates Zero Triple Strike Garden Weedkiller - a glyphosate-free weedkiller that kills weeds roots and all. (3) $34 .89. Advice at Bunnings Whether it is an area for your kids to play on, entertaining guests or just something nice to look at, when growing a lawn it's important to. Group A herbicides are very sensitive to plant stress and, like paraquat, good coverage is essential for reliable results. Sci., 41 (2): 73-81. Our reputation is that of being Queensland Blue Couch - McKays Grass Seeds An important feature of Chloris gayana is its drought tolerance. Compare. Digestibility of Hawaiian feeding stuffs. Short answer: FTR grass is naturally very tolerant of glyphosate and there are several cases of highly resistant populations. All efforts to increase crop competition through crop and variety choice, narrower rows and stubble management will suppress FTR grass that might otherwise germinate as the temperature rise above 20 degrees C in spring. Chloris gayanacan be mixed with oats or wheat that provide protection during winter, or it can be broadcasted in maize, sorghum or cotton crops (Duke, 1983). Short answer: Harvest early following a pre-harvest desiccation and come back immediately with a control tactic to target small FTR grass plants. Service, Sustainable Agriculture Cover Crops. To avoid overspray, when spraying keep the nozzle as close to the weed as possible. Trop. Seeds: Light and fluffy, 3.5 mm long, each bearing a long (Callide) or short (other cultivars) awn (bristle); 4 million (Katambora) or 7 10 million (other cultivars) seeds/kg. [5]:3 Diploid types of Chloris gayana in general show good frost tolerance, salt tolerance, and drought tolerance. A., 1983. This document is SS-AGR-59, one of a series of the . It forms small clumps of bluish-green stems and leaf blades between 5-25 cm long. [12]:2 In addition to this, Chloris gayana is also able to deal with soil erosion on sloped fields by holding topsoil. "[9] A possible solution to this would be to intercrop Chloris gayana with food crops. [3] It has been found to be more persistent on poorer soil than other genetic varieties. Acute toxicity occurs at 3 mg of selenium per kg BW in cattle and causes death within a few days after intoxication, with no known treatment. The compositions and nutritive values of Tanganyika feeding stuffs. Hay harvested at a later stage of maturity has a low protein content and a high fibre content, particularly in the stems, and it should be supplemented when fed to ruminants with nutritional requirements higher than those necessary for maintenance.
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